Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is a prevalent form of cancer that originates in the prostate, a small gland that produces seminal fluid in males. It is the second most common cancer in men globally. Prostate cancer typically progresses slowly, and many cases may not cause noticeable symptoms in the early stages. Risk factors include age, family history, and race, with African American men having a higher incidence. While the exact cause remains unclear, hormonal changes, genetics, and lifestyle factors may contribute to its development. Symptoms may include difficulty urinating, blood in the urine or semen, and discomfort in the pelvic region. Diagnosis often involves a combination of a digital rectal exam, blood tests measuring prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, and imaging studies like MRI or biopsy for confirmation. Treatment options vary based on the cancer's stage and may include active surveillance, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, or chemotherapy. Early detection significantly improves the chances of successful treatment, emphasizing the importance of regular prostate cancer screenings, especially for men over the age of 50 or those with risk factors.